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Originally ouds were strung with gut strings but today 10 to 12 high quality nylon strings are used. Strings are fastened to a tension bridge on the instrument's sound board. The tuning pegs are set in the sides of the peg box. Strings are plucked with a plectrum.
Tunings vary from one region to another and from one style to another. Mainly the Arabic and Turkish tuning systems are the most common. However, variations on these tuning systems exist within the same region depending on genre and style. The intonation system used in almost all cases is the equal tempered system.
_____________ Tuning _____________
Start at string number 1 or your highest pitch
Standard Egyptian/Arab: C G D A F C
Non-Standard Arab: C G D A E C, F C G D A F, F C G D A F C
Non-Standard Iraqi/Arab: F C G D C F
Old Turkish Classical: G D A E D A
New Turkish Classical: G D A E B F#
Turkish/Armenian: D A E B A E
Turkish/Armenian Variant: D A E B F# C# Standard
-------- String Manufacturers ----
Thomastik
For Arabic tuning; G A D G C and with 10 courses. The 3rd is available both
in plain nylon and silverwounded.
Note Diameter mm
1st C___ Nylon,blank 0.66 _ 310
2nd G___Nylon,blank 0.85 _ 311
3rd D___ Nylon,blank 1.05 _ 312
4th A___ Silverwounded 0.73 _ 313
5th G___ Silverwounded 0.82_ 314
6th C __ Silverwounded___ 317
315 Set ( 310.311.312.313.314)
315A Set (310.311.317.313.314)
Thomastik provide f´ strings on order for the Arabic set. They have also a set for
Turkish tuning (11 courses) which I don't have any details about at the moment.
Daddario
Diameter mm___Tension kg
Note G_____0.56______5.31
Note D _____0.71______4.85
Note A _____0.64______8.30
Note E______0.74______7.94
Note B______0.84______6.67
Note F#_____1.04______6.26
*590mm scale lenght used for tension measurements.
D'Addario set is intended for Turkish tuning and 11 courses and works also fine for Arabic tuning one step lower. This set has a wounded middle E string and a hard metallic like sound. I find the set most usable on the Bashir Oud.
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