Ralph Waldo Emerson
Essays--First and Second Series

Reading notes--Adam Kissel

Using New National Edition (1914)

THE OVER-SOUL
  pp. 171-192 (in Riverside = R, 265-297)

 

Extraordinary hopes for man are grounded not on experience or history, 171, but on some higher unknown thing, 172;
    call it Unity, the Over-Soul, 172
    the Over-Soul described.  The whole, eternal One, soul;
        inarticulable; inspires; transcendent simplicity and energy of the Highest Law, 172-73

Soul described: beyond mind, intellect, will; the background of our being, 173-74
   within, or, behind; a light; we are nothing, the light is all, 174
   it makes for genius, virtue, love: if we obey, 174
   it is as God, the cause: ineffable, 174
   freed from natural law (esp. time, space), 175-76
   progresses after its own law, by levels, and in us, 176-77
   unity of (moral and intellectual) virtues; the world is an unfolding of God the Cause, 177

Spirit’s form: in the world, in people, found in society; we share a common nature, 178
   we share truth, loving it for its own sake: the mind is one, 178
   form is a condescension of spirit into the world, 179

The soul knows what is true; it perceives and reveals truth, 180
Itself is man and truth; it enlightens the man: Revelation.  Emotion, sublime, 181
We gain insight through obedience to it, having joyfully perceived it [truth/soul/over-soul], 181
We remember such joyful moments, 181

Absolute law; soul answering by the thing itself; revelation answers not the understanding but speaks to another soul, 182

Immortality of soul is essentially associated with truth, justice, love (i.e., these are the soul’s attributes), 182-83
Things above words, 182-83
We can only live in the infinite present, 183

We can discern character; it outs -- not to our understanding/will, but to our soul, 183-84

Index of true progress is a man’s tone, evidence of having found his home in God, 184.
   tone of seeking rather than having, 185
   speaking from within, as personal experience (vs. without as though a spectator), 185

As for moral, so for intellectual virtue: omniscience makes human genius, 185

On the great vs. the lesser poets, 186
   be plain and true, 187; sincere, 188

Worship God in order to in some sense become God, acc. to Emerson; a union with something always new, an infinite enlargement of the heart, 188-89

The highest is within man; the sources of nature are in man’s own mind, where there is sentiment of true duty, 190

No concern for the unsaved other as such, 190 -- rather aim for self-(soul-)-expression. Don’t look to authority but to oneself, 190.

 

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