Ralph Waldo Emerson
Essays--First and Second Series

Reading notes--Adam Kissel

Using New National Edition (1914)

LOVE and FRIENDSHIP

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LOVE

  pp. 110-123 (in Riverside = R, 167-188)

  [Riverside reports that, like several essays or parts of essays in First Series, this was presented earlier as a lecture in a series; this one stood almost unchanged, suggesting less continuity with the other essays in the matter of details, but overall thematic consistency]

 

- natural assumption of benevolence is in the first sentiment of kindness, 110
- love not just of the young; it becomes universal, 110-11, 121
- love needs an account not from history but hope; not from intellect but experience, 111-12
     experience/love is about particulars; all understand it somehow already, 112
- on respect, 112
- love is an enduring memory, 113-14
- makes all things new, 114-15; expresses heightened sensibility and energy, 115-16
- influence of love comes from Beauty; it seems self-reliant, 116
     it is destroyed by analysis; it is transcendent; requires imagination, like the renderings of true art, 117;
     it is ongoing, 118
- we love a beautiful thing for its expression of the transcendent beauty, or ought to, 118;
- eros transfer: one moves from love of body to love of soul, then to all true and pure souls, 119
     then to divine beauty: to love and knowledge of the Divinity
     all this vs. low sensualism; love (after experience!) becomes always more impersonal as it moves higher and deeper, 120
     romantic love resolves into understanding of humanity, 122
     purification of intellect and heart is the basis of true marriage, 123
         it is a training in order to blend into the infinitude of God

 

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FRIENDSHIP

pp. 124-42 (R, 189-217)

 

We are connected to all through love, 124-25

One stands for all, until we are betrayed by his flawed particularity, 125;
   yet we can see God in our friends, and weave a new world with those of mutual understanding, 126--many into one, anywhere, 127
   We aspire through overestimating our friends, respecting the soul beyond individuals, 127-28
   Universal success only in thought, lesser success in particular: particulars have less of Being than such as Truth or Justice, 128-29
One should alternate friendship with solitude, 129
One cannot easily understand others, except by long perseverance, 129-31

Friendship exists in the sincerity of joy and peace; it is sacred and solid, 131
Friends share a kernel of nature and thought and exists through the equal elements called Truth and Tenderness, 132:
   truth: sincerity, simplicity, wholeness, uncovered thought
      like the result of a religious frenzy where courtesy and social forms are stripped away, 132-33
      the friend seems as another self, 133
   tenderness: real-life appreciation, 134; real virtues, real company in life, making the mundane fresh [celebrating particulars too]

Fp. is very difficult, rare; exists mainly between two people at a time, or perhaps a circle sharing a lofty intelligence, but 1-to-1 interactions are best for sincerity’s sake especially, 135
   dialogue is key, vs. the social soul, which is unfree, limited to the common thought of all, 135
   friends find each other by affinity; each must be also purely himself: the not-mine becomes mine in this enlargement, 136
   mutual self-sufficiency, yet united by deep identity; share magnanimity, 136
   on reverence: pure, poetic, universal, great--like nature, 137
   do not rush into fp, but first know thyself; only then may each stand for all, 137-38; first be virtuous, 139.
Love: we recognize the virtue of which we can conceive when we see it in another, 139

Choose only the best.  Become independent: turn our ties away from the social to the spiritual, for the temporal is merely ruled by the law of compensation and there one gains naught, 139-40
Emerson dedicates himself to presentiments [cf. Foreworld?], to his visions on the great days; these mostly obviate the need for fp, 140-41.  Look above the friend to the eternal, but through the friend entire: share total magnanimity and trust, as though the friend is already God, 142

 

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